1 R packages

Code

library(tidyverse)
library(gt)
library(gtExtras)
library(readxl)
library(devtools)
library(knitr)
write_bib(file = "packages.bib")

2 Data import and manipulation

Code

DATA <- read_xlsx("SURVEY_DATA.xlsx")

DATA <-
  DATA %>%
  select(-where( ~ all(is.na(.)))) %>%
  filter(`teilnahme[teilnahme]` == "Y")

DATA <-
  DATA[9:81] %>%
  mutate(NA_CHECK = rowSums(!is.na(.))) %>%
  filter(NA_CHECK > 0) %>%
  filter(AB7 == 0) # exclude special education schools

3 Custom functions

Code

overview_item <- function(item) {
  
  TAB <-
    DATA %>%
    select({{item}}) %>%
    table()
  
  t1 <-
    TAB %>% 
    tibble(1:length(.),.) %>%
    rename("answer" = 1, "n" = 2) %>% 
    mutate(var = if_else(answer == max(answer), "correct",
                         c("wrong1", "wrong2", "wrong3")[1:length(TAB)])) %>%
    t() %>% 
    as.data.frame()  %>%
    set_names(slice(., n())) %>% 
    slice_tail(n = -1) %>% 
    slice_head(n = -1) %>%
    mutate_all(as.numeric) %>%
    mutate(total = rowSums(select(., where(is.numeric))), .before = 1) %>%
    mutate(list_plot = (correct / total * 100) %>% round(1)) %>%
    mutate(across(!c(list_plot), ~
                    paste0(., "<br>(", (. / total * 100) %>% round(1), "%)"), .names = "{.col}"))
  
  t1 
}

4 Table: Teachers’ knowledge about epilepsy

Code

knowledge <-
  rbind(
    c("Epilepsy is ... intellectual impairment",
      "...a form of...", NA, "...not a form of..."),
    c(
      "Giftedness is ... in students like Student E (compared to students without epilepsy)",
      "...particularly rare...", "...particularly common...",
      "...neither particularly rare nor particularly common..."),
    c(
      "Learning disabilities are ... in students like Student E (compared to students without epilepsy)",
      "...particularly rare...", "...particularly common...",
      "...neither particularly rare nor particularly common..."
    ),
    c(
      "In general, students like Student E have ... potential of aggression
      (compared to students without epilepsy)",
      "...a higher...", "...a lower...", "...neither a higher nor a lower..."
    ),
    c(
      "In general, students like Student E have ... level of social skills
      (compared to students without epilepsy)",
      "...a higher...", "...a lower...", "...neither a higher nor a lower..."
    ),
    c(
      "Physical activity and physical exertion (e.g., sport and exercise) are ... major
      triggers for epileptic seizures in students with epilepsy",
      "...considered to be...", NA, "...not considered to be..."
    ),
    c(
      "In most ball sports (e.g., soccer, basketball, or volleyball), the risk of
      injury for students with epilepsy is ... (compared to non-sport activities)",
      "...significantly higher...", NA, "...not significantly higher..."
    ),
    c(
      "Emergency medical treatment is ... if a student has a seizure",
      "...always necessary...", NA, "...not always necessary..."
    ),
    c(
      "During a seizure of a student, an object should ... be placed
      between the teeth of the affected student (e.g., rubber bite block)",
      "...in any case...", NA, "...under no circumstances..."
    ), 
    c(
      "If a student has difficulty breathing during a seizure,
      the mouth should ... be opened with physical force during the seizure",
      "...in any case...", NA, "...not..."
    ),
    c(
      "During a seizure with twitching of the limbs, the affected
      student should ... be held down (e.g., by the arms and legs)",
      "...in any case...", NA, "...not..."
    ),
    c(
      "A seizure in a student can ... be stopped by speaking loudly and shaking the student awake",
      "...very often...", NA, "...not..."
    ),
    c(
      "A seizure in a student can ... be stopped by splashing the student with cool water",
      "...very often...", NA,  "...not..."
    ),
    c(
      "In the event of a seizure, teachers may ... administer the relevant emergency medication
      (liquid to be dripped into the mouth) to a student on their own",
      "...under no circumstances...", NA, "...in accordance with the emergency plan..."
      )
  ) %>%
  as.data.frame() %>%
  setNames(c("item", "W1", "W2", "C"))

Code

bind_rows(
  overview_item(WA8),
  overview_item(WA9),
  overview_item(WA10) %>% rename(wrong2 = wrong1),
  overview_item(WA11),
  overview_item(WA12),
  overview_item(WA13),
  overview_item(WA14),
  overview_item(WA1),
  overview_item(WA2),
  overview_item(WA3),
  overview_item(WA4),
  overview_item(WA5),
  overview_item(WA6),
  overview_item(WA7)
) %>%
  relocate(total, wrong1, wrong2, correct, list_plot) %>%
  cbind(knowledge, .) %>% 
  gt() %>%
  cols_align("left") %>%
  cols_label(
    wrong1 = html("<center>(1)</center>wrong"),
    wrong2 = html("<center>(2)</center>wrong"),
    correct = html("<center>(3)</center>correct"),
    W1 = html("(1)<br>wrong"),
    W2 = html("(2)<br>wrong"),
    C = html("(3)<br>correct"),
    list_plot = html("bar plot correct")
  ) %>%
  tab_spanner(label = md("*answers*"), columns = c(wrong1, wrong2, correct)) %>%
  tab_spanner(label = md("*answer options*"), columns = c(W1, W2, C)) %>%
  gt_plt_bar_pct(
    column = list_plot,
    scaled = T,
    labels = TRUE,
    fill = "black",
    width = 100,
    height = 30,
    font_size = "12px"
  ) %>%
  fmt_markdown(columns = -last_col()) %>% 
  tab_style(style = cell_text(weight = "bold", style = "italic"),
            locations = cells_column_labels()) %>%
  tab_style(style = cell_text(style = "italic"),
            locations = cells_footnotes())  %>%
  tab_footnote(
    footnote = "Student E = Student with epilepsy"
  ) %>%
  tab_row_group(label = md("*seizure first aid (specifically addressing tonic-clonic seizures)*"), rows = 8:14) %>%
  tab_row_group(label = md("*physical activity*"), rows = 6:7) %>%
  tab_row_group(label = md("*social integration/behavior*"), rows = 4:5) %>%
  tab_row_group(label = md("*learning/instruction*"), rows = 1:3) %>%
  tab_options(column_labels.background.color = "gray95",
              footnotes.background.color = "gray95") %>%
  tab_style(style = cell_fill(color = "gray95"), locations = cells_row_groups(groups = everything())) %>%
  tab_options(table.align = "left") %>%
  sub_missing(missing_text = "") %>%
  cols_width(C ~ pct(14)) %>%
  cols_width(W1 ~ pct(14)) %>%
  cols_width(W2 ~ pct(14)) %>%
  cols_align(align = "center", columns = c("C", "W1", "W2", "list_plot"))

item	answer options			total	answers			bar plot correct
item	(1) wrong	(2) wrong	(3) correct	total	(1)wrong	(2)wrong	(3)correct	bar plot correct
learning/instruction
Epilepsy is … intellectual impairment	…a form of…		…not a form of…	209 (100%)	4 (1.9%)		205 (98.1%)	98.1%
Giftedness is … in students like Student E (compared to students without epilepsy)	…particularly rare…	…particularly common…	…neither particularly rare nor particularly common…	208 (100%)	1 (0.5%)	3 (1.4%)	204 (98.1%)	98.1%
Learning disabilities are … in students like Student E (compared to students without epilepsy)	…particularly rare…	…particularly common…	…neither particularly rare nor particularly common…	206 (100%)		7 (3.4%)	199 (96.6%)	96.6%
social integration/behavior
In general, students like Student E have … potential of aggression (compared to students without epilepsy)	…a higher…	…a lower…	…neither a higher nor a lower…	207 (100%)	3 (1.4%)	1 (0.5%)	203 (98.1%)	98.1%
In general, students like Student E have … level of social skills (compared to students without epilepsy)	…a higher…	…a lower…	…neither a higher nor a lower…	205 (100%)	7 (3.4%)	1 (0.5%)	197 (96.1%)	96.1%
physical activity
Physical activity and physical exertion (e.g., sport and exercise) are … major triggers for epileptic seizures in students with epilepsy	…considered to be…		…not considered to be…	205 (100%)	13 (6.3%)		192 (93.7%)	93.7%
In most ball sports (e.g., soccer, basketball, or volleyball), the risk of injury for students with epilepsy is … (compared to non-sport activities)	…significantly higher…		…not significantly higher…	208 (100%)	22 (10.6%)		186 (89.4%)	89.4%
seizure first aid (specifically addressing tonic-clonic seizures)
Emergency medical treatment is … if a student has a seizure	…always necessary…		…not always necessary…	209 (100%)	114 (54.5%)		95 (45.5%)	45.5%
During a seizure of a student, an object should … be placed between the teeth of the affected student (e.g., rubber bite block)	…in any case…		…under no circumstances…	206 (100%)	68 (33%)		138 (67%)	67%
If a student has difficulty breathing during a seizure, the mouth should … be opened with physical force during the seizure	…in any case…		…not…	206 (100%)	19 (9.2%)		187 (90.8%)	90.8%
During a seizure with twitching of the limbs, the affected student should … be held down (e.g., by the arms and legs)	…in any case…		…not…	208 (100%)	18 (8.7%)		190 (91.3%)	91.3%
A seizure in a student can … be stopped by speaking loudly and shaking the student awake	…very often…		…not…	207 (100%)	4 (1.9%)		203 (98.1%)	98.1%
A seizure in a student can … be stopped by splashing the student with cool water	…very often…		…not…	207 (100%)	10 (4.8%)		197 (95.2%)	95.2%
In the event of a seizure, teachers may … administer the relevant emergency medication (liquid to be dripped into the mouth) to a student on their own	…under no circumstances…		…in accordance with the emergency plan…	209 (100%)	14 (6.7%)		195 (93.3%)	93.3%
Student E = Student with epilepsy

5 R session info

Code

session_info()
## ─ Session info ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
##  setting  value
##  version  R version 4.4.2 (2024-10-31 ucrt)
##  os       Windows 11 x64 (build 22631)
##  system   x86_64, mingw32
##  ui       RTerm
##  language (EN)
##  collate  German_Germany.utf8
##  ctype    German_Germany.utf8
##  tz       Europe/Berlin
##  date     2024-11-21
##  pandoc   3.2 @ C:/Program Files/RStudio/resources/app/bin/quarto/bin/tools/ (via rmarkdown)
## 
## ─ Packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
##  package     * version  date (UTC) lib source
##  base64enc     0.1-3    2015-07-28 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.0)
##  cachem        1.1.0    2024-05-16 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  cellranger    1.1.0    2016-07-27 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  cli           3.6.3    2024-06-21 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  colorspace    2.1-1    2024-07-26 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  commonmark    1.9.2    2024-10-04 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  devtools    * 2.4.5    2022-10-11 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  digest        0.6.37   2024-08-19 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  dplyr       * 1.1.4    2023-11-17 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  ellipsis      0.3.2    2021-04-29 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  evaluate      1.0.1    2024-10-10 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  fansi         1.0.6    2023-12-08 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  fastmap       1.2.0    2024-05-15 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  fontawesome   0.5.3    2024-11-16 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  forcats     * 1.0.0    2023-01-29 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  fs            1.6.5    2024-10-30 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  generics      0.1.3    2022-07-05 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  ggplot2     * 3.5.1    2024-04-23 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  glue          1.8.0    2024-09-30 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  gt          * 0.11.1   2024-10-04 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  gtable        0.3.6    2024-10-25 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  gtExtras    * 0.5.0    2023-09-15 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  hms           1.1.3    2023-03-21 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  htmltools     0.5.8.1  2024-04-04 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  htmlwidgets   1.6.4    2023-12-06 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  httpuv        1.6.15   2024-03-26 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  jsonlite      1.8.9    2024-09-20 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  knitr       * 1.49     2024-11-08 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  later         1.3.2    2023-12-06 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  lifecycle     1.0.4    2023-11-07 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
##  lubridate   * 1.9.3    2023-09-27 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
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##  markdown      1.13     2024-06-04 [1] CRAN (R 4.4.2)
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##  [1] C:/Users/Pawel Kulawiak/AppData/Local/Programs/R/R-4.4.2/library
## 
## ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

6 References

Iannone, Richard, Joe Cheng, Barret Schloerke, Ellis Hughes, Alexandra Lauer, JooYoung Seo, Ken Brevoort, and Olivier Roy. 2024. Gt: Easily Create Presentation-Ready Display Tables. https://gt.rstudio.com.

Mock, Thomas. 2023. gtExtras: Extending Gt for Beautiful HTML Tables. https://github.com/jthomasmock/gtExtras.

R Core Team. 2024. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/.

Wickham, Hadley. 2023. Tidyverse: Easily Install and Load the Tidyverse. https://tidyverse.tidyverse.org.

Wickham, Hadley, and Jennifer Bryan. 2023. Readxl: Read Excel Files. https://readxl.tidyverse.org.

Wickham, Hadley, Jim Hester, Winston Chang, and Jennifer Bryan. 2022. Devtools: Tools to Make Developing r Packages Easier. https://devtools.r-lib.org/.

Xie, Yihui. 2024. Knitr: A General-Purpose Package for Dynamic Report Generation in r. https://yihui.org/knitr/.